| Inst. for Grundvidenskab
76 % Inst. for Jordbrugsvidenskab 14 % Inst. for Økologi 10 % | |||||||||||||||||
| Tidligst mulig placering | |||||||||||||||||
| Varighed | 1 semester | ||||||||||||||||
| Pointværdi | 10.5 (ECTS) | ||||||||||||||||
| Kursustype | Kandidatkursus | ||||||||||||||||
| Eksamen | bedømmelse af projektrapport med hjælpemidler Beskrivelse af eksamen: 13-skala, intern censur Eksamensdatoer: The written examination contributes with 66 % of the total marks of the course Beskrivelse af eksamen: The project report contributes with 33 % of the total marks of the course | ||||||||||||||||
| Rammer for undervisning | Lectures: 1 module per week Theoretical exercises, including computer-based problems: 4 hours per week - preparation of project report based on topic agreed by the student and teacher; oral presentation of the report in the class - full-day excursion | ||||||||||||||||
| Blokplacering | F3, spring Mondays 13 - 17 | ||||||||||||||||
| Undervisningssprog | Engelsk med note om undervisning på dansk | ||||||||||||||||
| Anbefalede forudsætninger | 010611 Statistisk grundkursus 030611 Analytisk og fysisk kemi 035218 Biokemi 035311 Geologi og Jordbundslære 045319 Participants with similar qualitfications from other universities are welcome. | ||||||||||||||||
| Kursets målsætning | |||||||||||||||||
| The course present an overview of the mass balances, distribution, fate and effects of pollutants in soil environments enabling the assessment of soil and water quality. The course provides detailed insight into the biogeochemistry of soils including pollutant speciation, bioavailability, degradation, transport and biological/toxicological effects in soil. The course presents a number of mmathematical and modelling tools for quantification of pollutant fate. | |||||||||||||||||
| Kursusindhold | |||||||||||||||||
| The course comprise the following overall themes: The classification and properties of pollutants; common pollutants in Danish soils and groundwaters. Soil functions, pollutant load and soil quality parameters including ecotoxicity-based quality parameters. Soil pollution in relation to soil functioning, the aqueous and atmospheric environments, and in relation to food and feed quality. Mass balances for soil pollutants, and the different chemical and micorbial processes affecting soil pollutants including bonding, degradation, and transfer processes. Critical loads and mapping of soil vulnerability. Land use changes and soil quality. The following topics are treated in detail: Pollutants: Nutrients/ eutrophicants (N, P), toxic substances, including heavy metals, pesticides, hydrocarbons in oils and petrols, polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), chlorinated organis substances (e.g. solvents, PCBs, dioxins), detergents, phthalates, biotoxins derived from plants and microorganisms, veterinary drugs, hormones, radionuclides, acid and salt deposition. Databases with chemical and biological data of pollutants, and software for estimation of pollutant properties. Soil system and processes: Major solid components of soil and groundwater environments (silicates, metal oxides, humic substances), their structure, composition and properties. Soil profiles, soil development and classification. The speciation, reactivity and bioavailability of toxic substances in solution and solid phases. Dissolved organic matter and metal complexation. Solution speciation using equilibrium computation (MINTEQA2, PHREEQC software). Reactions at the solid-solution interface. Microbial/enzymatic degradation proecesses including metabolic pathways, formation of metabolites, degradation kinetics and sorption-controlled degradation. Degrader genes, degrader enzymes and microbial degradation potential. Bioavailability and ageing. Sorption of pollutants in soil comprising ion exchange, surface complexation, precipitation, hydropobic bonding and partitioning in soil organic matter. Sorption equilibria, isotherms and kinetics. Redox processes involving degradation and mobility of organic soil pollutants, organic matter mineralisation, nitrate reduction, mobilisation/immobilization of phosphate and other inorganic pollutants, and pyrite oxidation and ochre formation. Soil carbon and nitrogen balances. Redox zonations and sequences in oxygen depleted soils and sediments. Mineral stability, precipitation and weathering on exposure to to acids, organic ligands and reductants. Acid precipitation and acid buffering processes in soils. Soil water potentials and retention. Transport of water and solutes in saturated and non-saturated soils. Leaching tests and breakthrough curves. Transport of particles including bacteria. Soil heterogeneity and transport in macropores in top- and subsoils. Transport models (DAISY). Land use, soil solution composition and leaching. Remediation of soils by use of chemical and biological techniques: microbial degradation of organic pollutants in the rhizosphere and removal of metal ions by phyto extraction. Techniques applicable to diffuse and point polluted sites. | |||||||||||||||||
| Undervisningsform | |||||||||||||||||
| The teaching comprise: - lectures, including guest lectures - theoretical excersises, including computer-based problems - problem based project work based on selected topic - full day excursion Lectures are based on the textbook used. Guest lecturers cover current topics within soil pollution, quality and management. The topics of the theoretical exercises runs in parallel with the topics treated in the lectures. The aim of the exersises is to obtain quantitative insight into the distribution, retention, degradation, transport and biological effects of soil pollutants. Groups of 2 - 4 students work together to discuss and solve the selected problems. The aims of the project work are to train litterature and data search, handling of litterature data, to train the use of different models and computational tools introduced during the course, and to get detailed insight for a particular soil pollutant. With respect to the topic of the project there is freedom to choose within the whole field of environmental soil science: eutrophication, pesticide degradation and leaching, biotoxins, degradation pathways, bioavailability and toxicity, environmental biotechnology, spreading of pollutants in waste water sludge, phytoremediation, and soil acidification. The project work is usually carried out by groups of 2 - 4 students; the project topic is agreed upon at startup of the course. The project report is presented orally to rest of the class at end of the course. At the excursion sites representing different types of soil properties, pollution, and soil quality management are visited, e.g. soil contaminated by tar, heavy metals, sludge, peticides, or soils which undergo changes in properties and soil quality due to land use changes. In addition institutions carrying out research related to the terrestrial environment or institutions making use of environmental soil chemistry in planning and management of soil resources may be visited. | |||||||||||||||||
| Litteraturhenvisninger | |||||||||||||||||
| Hansen, H.C.B. (ed) Environmental Soil Chemistry, 8th Ed. Chemistry Department, KVL (2004) Hansen, H.C.B. (ed) Environmental Soil Chemistry - Problems. 8th Ed. Chemistry Department, KVL (2004) Supplementary litterature is listed on the course homepage | |||||||||||||||||
| Kursusansvarlig | |||||||||||||||||
| Hans Christian Bruun Hansen, haha@life.ku.dk, Indsatsområder/VIVA - Viden om Vand, Tlf: 3528 Jan Sørensen, jan@life.ku.dk, Institut for Jordbrug og Økologi/Faggruppe Genetik og Mikrobiologi, Tlf: 35332626 Søren Hansen, sha@life.ku.dk, Institut for Grundvidenskab og Miljø/Agrohydrologi, Tlf: 3528 | |||||||||||||||||
| Studienævn | |||||||||||||||||
| Studienævn NSN | |||||||||||||||||
| Kursusbeskrivelsesomfang | |||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||